Fluid flow and heat transfer are simulated with mathematically based computer codes, also referred to as Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) codes. The applicability to CFD codes is wide ranging, but with CFD being a relatively new research field (15 years or so), there are limitations regarding the availability of general and robust techniques to simulate the complex flow phenomenon associated with explosions and projectile launch. For example, computer routines to predict the transient flow inside the combustion chamber during projectile launch, or the development of the cannon muzzle air flow field as the projectile leaves the barrel, is not readily available and have been developed locally. Another example is the development of free surface tracking techniques, enabling the CFD user to track bubble growth of an underwater explosion.

Similarly, structural analysis (by Finite Element Method) is used to calculate stress, strain, displacement, response, buckling, heat transfer, resonant frequencies, accelerations etc. The contribution of Flamengro towards solutions in both static- and dynamic finite element simulations is acknowledged on several artillery systems, such as the G5 and Rooikat. These contributions include ammunition development and complete system response to dynamic field input. These simulations provide valuable insight to the origins of problems and system failures.

Recently, world interest moved to a requirement for the capability of the single code environment to predict fluid flow, heat flow and structural interaction simultaneously.
An example of such a calculation is the simulation of propellant combustion in a chamber, the subsequent response of the projectile, and it’s interaction with the barrel and weapon structure. This ability is currently being developed at Flamengro.